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Rightful Resistance in Rural China (Cambridge Studies in Contentious Politics), by Kevin J. O'Brien, Lianjiang Li
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How can the poor and weak 'work' a political system to their advantage? Drawing mainly on interviews and surveys in rural China, Kevin O'Brien and Lianjiang Li show that popular action often hinges on locating and exploiting divisions within the state. Otherwise powerless people use the rhetoric and commitments of the central government to try to fight misconduct by local officials, open up clogged channels of participation, and push back the frontiers of the permissible. This 'rightful resistance' has far-reaching implications for our understanding of contentious politics. As O'Brien and Li explore the origins, dynamics, and consequences of rightful resistance, they highlight similarities between collective action in places as varied as China, the former East Germany, and the United States, while suggesting how Chinese experiences speak to issues such as opportunities to protest, claims radicalization, tactical innovation, and the outcomes of contention.
- Sales Rank: #618247 in Books
- Brand: Brand: Cambridge University Press
- Published on: 2006-02-13
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 8.98" h x .47" w x 5.98" l, .60 pounds
- Binding: Paperback
- 200 pages
- Used Book in Good Condition
Review
"O'Brien and Li's fruitful past collaborations culminate in Rightful Resistance in Rural China, the long awaited book that provides conceptual clarity and empirical detail to their earlier work. O'Brien and Li present a convincing and fascinating story about the emergence of contentious politics in post-Mao rural China. Rightful resistance as a form of popular contention is the product of an increasingly savvy and informed rural population interacting with an ambitious authoritarian state that aspires to provide good governance and responsive policy. Rightful resisters, the 'nail-like' heroes of O'Brien and Li's account, are those citizens who skillfully exploit the gap between what the state promises and what is actually delivered."
Mary E. Gallagher, University of Michigan
"To the study of resistance, this superb book, is akin to the discovery of a major 'new species.' 'Rightful resistance' may well be the most significant form of popular protest in quasi-authoritarian systems. This closely-reasoned, broadly comparative and innovative book will inspire many new research programs in its wake."
James C. Scott, Yale University
"The book makes three important accomplishments. First, it synthesizes a wide range of theoretical literatures on protest. It weaves them throughout the text rather than confining them to an introductory literature review. That helps keep scholarly readers who are not specialists on social movements engaged and madly adding to their list of material to read. It also keeps both them and student and non-specialist readers who are trying to follow the narrative well abreast of the theoretical issues and well located within them. Second, it elaborates and contextualizes much more fully than before the concept of “rightful resistance,” about which the authors have, to be sure, already published article-length work. In doing so, it continues the salutary trend in recent years of taking China out of a narrow Sinological bailiwick and placing it squarely within comparative political science as the Chinese case. Third, it provides rich and fascinating substantive material on contemporary rural protest in China."
Marc Blecher, Oberlin College
"O'Brien and Li have written a very useful book for both specialists and nonspecialists. The book will prove useful to political scientists, lawyers and anyone who is interested in political development in China. As an important contribution to the study of contentious politics and Chinese politics, the book will be referred to for many years to come."
Hualing Fu, Hong Kong Faculty of Law, The Law and Politics Book Review
"Brief yet brilliant...highly recommended."
Choice
"In six short but dense chapters, Rightful Resistance in Rural China gives the concept its fullest development and provides a sweeping picture of rural contention in contemporary China. Yet above all, this book marks the authors' systematic and innovative effort to converse with scholars of collective action, and as such, may perhaps best be seen as their gift to sociology. Readers of this journal will delight in it."
Guobin Yang, Mobilization
"This slim volume is a little gem. After spending more than a decade researching rural protest in post-reform China, O'Brien and Li have masterfully synthesized their collaborative work in this elegantly written book. While providing substantive new material from recent surveys and interviews, as well as from research by various Chinese scholars, this book is first of all a theoretical contribution to the literature on social protest. As such, it should attract the attention of scholars both within and beyond the China field... In conclusion, the book defines rightful resistance with utmost clarity and rigour. The size of the volume is deceptive: this is a theoretical book, never overburdened with empirical evidence. But nonetheless there is evidence, succinctly recalled where necessary. The same holds for the innovative theoretical advances. Thoroughly familiar with the literature on popular protest, the authors succinctly mention relevant works, wasting no space on secondary digressions. This closely reasoned, clearly argued book is eminently suitable for teaching adoption in the fields of Chinese studies and political science."
Lucien Bianco, China Quarterly
"This brief but dense book...is remarkable in many respects....[Rightful Resistance] marks a major contribution towards understanding the dynamics at work in the relationship between state and society in China: it highlights the deep contradictions within the regime and the way in which these are exploited by the people....This book can be highly recommended as a major contribution to political science that sheds new light on the relations between state and society in China and raises key questions regarding the evolution and mode of functioning of the regime."
Chloé Froissart, China Perspectives
"The topic of this succinct and readable book is an important one: the growing phenomenon of political mobilization by China's rural population against the abuses and mismanagement of village, township, and country level governments...The book provides valuable insights on this important political development in contemporary China, of which several are especially significant..."
Yan Sun, Journal of Chinese Political Science
From the Back Cover
To the study of resistance, this superb book, is akin to the discovery of a major new species. "Rightful Resistance" may well be the most significant form of popular protest in quasi-authoritarian systems. This closely-reasoned, broadly comparative and innovative book will inspire many new research programs in its wake.
James C. Scott, Yale University
About the Author
Kevin J. O'Brien is Bedford Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. His research focuses on popular protest and Chinese politics in the reform era. He is the author of Reform without Liberalization: China's National People's Congress and the Politics of Institutional Change, and the co-editor of Engaging the Law in China: State, Society, and Possibilities for Justice. Currently, he is serving as the Chair of the Center of Chinese Studies at UC-Berkeley.
Lianjiang Li is an Associate Professor in the Department of Government and International Studies at Hong Kong Baptist University. His research focuses on village elections and collective action in rural China. He has published in Asian Survey, China Information, China Journal, China Quarterly, Comparative Politics, Comparative Political Studies, the Journal of Contemporary China, and Modern China.
Most helpful customer reviews
6 of 10 people found the following review helpful.
Contentious politics in rural China
By Shaun King.com
This short book lays out, conceptually, what kind of contentious politics "Rightful Resistance" is and where in the literature its place should be.
Rightful Resistance is somewhere between James Scott's "everyday forms of resistance," on the one hand, and the sustained nature implied in Charles Tilly's notion that social movements are "campaigns." "Unlike rebels in the name of the tsar, rightful resisters stop short of violence...[but] they have learned how to exploit the potent symbolic and material capital made available by modern states. Rightful resistance is thus a product of state building and of opportunities created by the spread of participatory ideologies and patters of rule rooted in notions of equality, rights, and rule of law" (pg. 4). China's agricultural reforms in the late twentieth-century (e.g. Organic Law of Villagers' Committees 1987) have created opportunities for the peasants that did not permeate down to the peasants for those in James Scott's study of Sedaka in "Weapons of the Weak." Instead, in China, "contractual ways of thinking and a growing fluency in rights talk appear to underlie much of rightful resistance present in rural China" (pg. 6). Rights-talk is part of the repertoire that rightful resisters use against the local cadre who cause the problems of practical application of party ideals. Part of why Rightful Resistance is not a social movement is because it lacks sustainability insofar as the goals of these peasant resisters remain only to change some local and practical discrepancy between party promises and cadre implementations. "Rightful resisters know that they exist at the sufferance of higher levels and that the `rights' they act on are conditional. Unlike the rights of discourse employed by some liberal intellectuals, there is little evidence that most of rightful resisters consider rights to be inherent, natural, or inalienable; nor do most of them break with the common Chinese practice of viewing rights as granted by the state mainly for societal purposes rather than to protest an individual's autonomous being...rather that the government's right to loyalty depends on ensuring that its officials [local cadres] fulfill their obligations" (pg. 122). Applying the concept of "cognitive liberation" from Doug McAdam, to rural China: "we should not underestimate the implications of rising rights consciousness and a growing fluency in `rights talk' in a nation where rights have traditionally been weakly protected. Thanks in part to the spread of rightful resistance, terms such as `rights defense' (weiquan) have gained acceptance in reform minded journals and adventurous newspapers and, more gradually, in the mainstream press" (pg. 127).
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
insightful account of rural protest
By suburban dissident
Borrowing from James C. Scott theories on "everyday resistance" and acknowledging the importance of political opportunities and political process for social movements and protest, Kevin O'Brien and Lianjiang Li describe a form of protest and political contention that they dub "rightful resistance." Based on their interview and field work in rural China, O'Brien and Li explain this creative form of resistance developing in China whereby people attempt to contest the state but do so from within the confines that that same state has delineated. Through such tactics as leveraging higher levels of authority to pressure more local ones, employing the language of citizenry and the rights such status ought ostensibly entail, adopting the policies and rhetoric of the central government in order to hold the local accountable, or even taking advantage of little used legal mechanisms, rural Chinese have often unsettled the political ground enough to successfully bring about their claims - but they do so as faithful members of the state.
O'Brien and Li's insightful work is must reading for those interested in the politics of contemporary China as well as for those interested in processes of political change and rights work.
0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
An excellent insight into the intricacies and informal rules governing China's ...
By Christian
An excellent insight into the intricacies and informal rules governing China's political institutions and how ordinary citizens can become political actors in modern China, particularly at the local level.
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